![]() ![]() The evaluation of combination effects between biological or chemical agents plays a significant role in pharmacology and biomedicine. This action can be synergistic (when the drug’s effect is increased) or antagonistic (when the drug’s effect is decreased). A drug interaction is a situation in which another drug affects the activity of a drug when both are administered together. The advantages and disadvantages with these methods are also provided, and finally, we discuss important next directions in this area.įor a variety of complex diseases, it is an accepted paradigm that drugs are given in combination. Then we discuss several methods for quantifying drug synergism. ![]() We first introduce two popular reference models for testing to null hypothesis of non-interaction for a combination, including the Bliss independence model and the Loewe additivity model. In this paper, we discuss an overview of the current statistical and mathematical methods for the study of drug combination effects, especially drug synergy quantification (where the interaction effect is not just detected, but quantified according to its magnitude). While there are established ways to quantify the impact of drug combinations clinically, it is an open challenge to quantitatively summarize a synergistic interaction. ![]() Specifically, if when combined, drugs interact in some way that causes the total effect to be greater than that predicted by their individual potencies, then drugs are considered synergistic. “Drug cocktail” treatments are often prescribed to improve the overall efficacy, decrease toxicity, alter pharmacodynamics, etc in an overall treatment strategy. The effectiveness of drug combinations for treatment of a variety of complex diseases is well established. ![]()
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